01
Nyob rau hauv 1776, Spallanzani thawj zaug luam tawm ib tsab ntawv qhia txog cov nyhuv ntawm "txias" kev kho mob ntawm "cell" lub neej kev ua ub no.
02
Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab mus rau lub xyoo pua puv 19, ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm thaum ntxov (Prevost, 1840; de Quatrefages, 1853; Mantegazza, 1866; Scheuk, 1870) rov qab kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov phev ua haujlwm thiab tuaj txog qhov xaus zoo ib yam li Spallanzani. , uas yog, "txias tsis tuaj yeem tua phev."
03
Nyob ib ncig ntawm 1900, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv paus tau lees paub qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv roj ntsha tuaj yeem khaws cia ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
04
Nyob rau xyoo 1950, Luyet thiab lwm tus kws tshawb fawb tau tshawb pom qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm electrolyte concentration ntawm cov cell khaws cia. Lawv cov ntsiab lus xaus yog tias qhov nce hauv electrolyte concentration yog lub ntsiab ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm tes.
Cell cryopreservation thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv txhim kho
05
Hauv xyoo 1960, Rowe ntawm New York Blood Center hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau ua tiav cryopreservation ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Xyoo 1980, nws tau tshuaj xyuas cov qe ntshav liab uas tau khaws cia ntawm cov kua nitrogen txias rau 12 xyoos tom qab rov qab los thiab pom tsis muaj kev hloov pauv biochemical thiab kev ua haujlwm, yog li ua pov thawj hauv kev xyaum tias cov khoom siv roj ntsha tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob ntev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
06
Hauv xyoo 1970, Mazur et al. thawj zaug tau tshaj tawm ob qhov kev xav txog kev puas tsuaj khov, uas yog cov dej khov siv lead ua puas tsuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj, raws li kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sim ntawm cryopreservation ntawm Suav hamster cov ntaub so ntswg kab lis kev cai hlwb. 07 ib
Txij li thaum xyoo 1980s, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim vaj tsev tau nkag mus rau hauv kev tshawb fawb cryopreservation, thiab kev hloov kho txuas ntxiv thiab kev siv cov kev tshawb xav cryoengineering thiab cov qauv tsim qauv tau ua rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev tshawb fawb cryobiology.
Txij li thaum xyoo pua 20th, tib neeg kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau nkag mus rau theem cellular, thiab tau pib cryopreserve cov khoom siv roj ntsha thiab cov khoom siv roj ntsha siv los ua cov khoom noj khoom haus. Los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov txheej txheem khov, cov tshuab cryopreservation tau siv dav hauv kev kho mob.
Koj paub ntau npaum li cas txog kev khaws cia ntawm tes?
1. Lub hlwb tuaj yeem khaws cia ntev npaum li cas?
Raws li txoj cai, lawv tuaj yeem khaws cia mus tas li. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov hlwb tuaj yeem khaws cia khov rau hauv -70 degree tub yees mus txog ib xyoos; cov cell khaws cia hauv cov kua nitrogen ntawm qhov kub ntawm -196 degree, tsuav yog lawv khaws cia kom zoo, lub sijhawm khaws cia yog qhov tsis muaj kev txwv.
2. Cov hlwb ua haujlwm li cas tom qab rov zoo? Thaum Lub Xya Hli 2016, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Tianjin Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank nyob rau hauv Zhongyuan Xiehe tau cog ib 14-xyoo-laus qaum ntshav hematopoietic qia cell rau hauv thawj txoj hlab ntshav hloov rau WAS syndrome hauv Tianjin Cord Blood Bank, thiab ua raws li. tom qab transplantation. Cov txiaj ntsig kev ntsuam xyuas tau pom tias cov ntshav qaum tau muab tso ua ke thiab cov haujlwm hematopoietic tau rov tsim dua. Thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 1, 2019, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Tianjin Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank tau siv 7-xyoo-laus qaum ntshav los cawm tus tub muaj hnub nyoog 9- xyoo uas muaj kab mob leukemia. Los ntawm ntau yam xov xwm tshaj tawm, peb tuaj yeem pom tias yog tias txoj kev khov khov yog qhov tsim nyog, cov hlwb tuaj yeem "pw tsaug zog" rau lub sijhawm ntev hauv qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov kua nitrogen tank ntawm rho tawm 196 degrees yam tsis tau poob lawv cov haujlwm.
3. Thaum twg yog qhov zoo ntawm cov hlwb khov siab tshaj plaws? Tib neeg kev tiv thaiv tau nce mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws thaum muaj hnub nyoog 20 xyoo. Nrog rau hnub nyoog, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob qis dua thiab qis dua, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob nce xyoo los ntawm xyoo. Yog li ntawd, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob noj qab haus huv tau khaws cia rau hauv qhov tob cryogenic kua nitrogen tank ntawm -196 degree ua ntej, thiab thaum lawv xav tau, lawv tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tam sim ntawd, uas yooj yim thiab nyab xeeb. Hnub no lub hlwb yeej ib txwm yau dua tag kis, thiab lub sijhawm khaws cia zoo tshaj yog tam sim no!
Kev khaws cia cov hlwb Kev khaws cia kev noj qab haus huv Nrog kev txhim kho cov tshuaj niaj hnub, cov kws tshawb fawb txuas ntxiv mus tshawb nrhiav thiab tshawb fawb cov thev naus laus zis ntawm tes. Cell technology tau dhau los ua qhov lav zoo rau tib neeg lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv, thiab tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev kho mob. Kev khaws cia kom noj qab nyob zoo thiab muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob tau dhau los ua ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau ntau thiab ntau tus neeg los tiv thaiv lawv lub neej yav tom ntej. Kev khaws cia lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog los nqis peev hauv kev noj qab haus huv rau koj tus kheej!